Effect of the Pretreatment on the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibril Derived from Recycled Pulp

Although wood pulp is the main raw material for production of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), seaweed, agricultural waste, and recycled can also be used as materials. Despite requiring thorough cleaning, offers a cost-effective alternative CNF production. This study aims to explore feasibility utilizing derived from pretreated by comparing its quality bleached kraft virgin pulp. The performance chemically treated was evaluated fabricating it into sheet form. results showed that reduction inorganic content resulted in approximately 40% 50% increase light transmittance dry tensile strength, respectively. In particular, carboxymethylation pretreatment enabled fabrication sheets with over 90% transmittance, while cationization allowed development strength exceeding 150 MPa. It found ash very important improve properties CNF. Consequently, chemical employed use